What Is Gateway Mesh Solution?
Lora + Gateway Mesh
The Gateway Mesh is an open-source protocol developed by ChirpStack and RAKwireless. It enables a multi-hop LoRaWAN mesh network, expanding coverage far beyond standard single-hop gateways.

Why Do I Need A Gateway Mesh for My Network?

When faced with LoRaWAN coverage issues, the common approach is to add more gateways. However, backhaul connectivity for each gateway poses challenges such as:

  • List IconExpensive installations for cables
  • List IconCellular plans that may not be available everywhere
  • List IconHigh-cost satellite data plans

Gateway Mesh Network Application Scenarios

The Gateway Mesh solution offers an alternative by acting as a repeater in your network, extending coverage in scenarios such as:

<b class="font-system-medium">Outdoor Deployment</b>

Outdoor Deployment

Expand range by adding relay gateways to cover greater distances without impacting end devices. Messages hop between gateways until reaching a border gateway that connects to the LNS.
<b class="font-system-medium">Building Deployment</b>

Building Deployment

Enhance indoor coverage, overcoming obstacles like concrete walls and metallic structures. Use relay gateways to reduce costs and avoid Wi-Fi dependencies in large buildings.

Customers ONLY need to configure the relay and connect the gateway to power.

This component aims to extend LoRaWAN coverage by adding LoRa gateways that are not connected to the internet, which will repeat uplink and downlink LoRaWAN payloads. This can be useful in remote areas where internet coverage is sparse. This solution is different from the LoRa Alliance Relay Protocol, as no software implementation changes are required in the device stack.

Gateway Mesh Protocol Advantages

Gateway Mesh Icon

Extends LoRaWAN coverage through relay gateways

Gateway Mesh Icon

Supports multi-hop mesh networking

Gateway Mesh Icon

No modifications needed for end devices

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Works for end devices that move between gateways

LoRa Alliance Relay Protocol vs. Gateway Mesh Protocol

Feature
LoRa Alliance® Relay Protocol
Gateway Mesh Protocol
Relay Type
LoRaWAN end-device (cheaper)
SX130X-based gateway (more expensive)
Device Authentication
Supported
Not handled by relay
LNS & Firmware Requirements
Requires mesh-aware firmware
Works with all LoRaWAN devices
Devices per Relay
Maximum of 16
No limit
Hops
Single hop
Multi hop
Device Movement Support
Static devices
Supports moving devices
Mesh Link Frequency
Sub-GHz LoRa
LoRaWAN 2.4 GHz supported

In summary:

The LoRa Relay Protocol supports 16 devices with specific firmware and single-hop; the Gateway Mesh Protocol supports unlimited devices, no special firmware, multi-hop, and broader frequency coverage.

How Does Gateway Mesh Work?

The Gateway Mesh protocol relays LoRaWAN payloads via gateways in remote areas where backhaul internet is sparse. Relay gateways forward data to border gateways, which connect to the network server (LNS). This process supports uplink and downlink messages and requires no changes to end devices.

How Does Gateway Mesh Work?

Get Started Easily!

Setting up your Gateway Mesh is simple and quick. Follow these steps to get started:

  • Choose your hardware (Refer to the guide above)
  • Install ChirpStack OS (Check the quick start guide for easy installation)
  • Set date and time
  • Configure the concentrator
  • Set up your gateway mesh as either a relay gateway or a border gateway

With just a few easy steps, you'll be ready to expand your LoRaWAN network quickly!

Together, We Build Better:

Shaping the Future through Collaboration

We’ve solved many early-stage challenges, but there’s still more to do. The Gateway Mesh solution has evolved through feedback and collaboration, and now, we invite you to help us take it to the next level.

This is not just another product—it’s a collective effort to create the best possible solution for expanding LoRaWAN coverage.

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Security

We've implemented payload validation using signing keys to ensure secure communication.

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Latency

While relays naturally add latency, we’ve fine-tuned the system to ensure minimal delays.

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Efficiency

We’ve minimized overhead with compressed payloads (14 bytes for uplinks and 15 bytes for downlinks), optimizing performance without compromising data integrity.

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Reliability

The protocol was designed with LoRaWAN Proprietary MType (111) for compatibility and minimal impact on device functionality.

RAK Gateway Mesh Solution Roadmap

Gateway Mesh Roadmap Mobile

Join the Beta

To send feedback or to report a bug, please email us at [email protected] and provide as much detail as possible.

How to Choose the Right Hardware for Your Trial

Scenario
Relay Gateway
Border Gateway
Battery Plus Compatible
Backhaul to LNS
Outdoors 2.4 GHz relay band External antenna
RAK7289v2 WisGate Edge Pro v2 with 2.4 GHz module (RAK7229)
RAK7289v2 WisGate Edge Pro v2 with 2.4 GHz module and LTE modem (RAK7229C)
Cellular, Ethernet, WiFi
Outdoors SubGHz relay band External antenna
Cellular, Ethernet, WiFi
Outdoors 2.4 GHz relay band Internal antenna
Cellular, Ethernet, WiFi
Indoors SubGHz relay band
Cellular, Ethernet, WiFi
Development 2.4 GHz relay band
RAK7248 WisGate Developer D4H with 2.4 GHz module
Cellular, Ethernet, WiFi
Development SubGHz relay band
Cellular, Ethernet, WiFi

Notes

  • The WisGate Connect and Developer gateways are the only ones capable of hosting the latest version of ChirpStack LNS with Gateway Mesh support. They can also be mixed with Edge Gateways. Using Edge Pro, Edge Lite or Soho Pro as relay gateways and Connect as a border gateway with ChirpStack LNS embedded can be a good setup for an off-the-grid mesh network. Otherwise you will have to have an instance of ChirpStack LNS 4.9.0 or higher running somewhere else.
  • If you don’t need cellular connectivity on the Border Gateway you can choose the versions without LTE modem.
  • All outdoor gateways come with solar battery options.
Gateway Mesh Lion Protection
Behind the Scenes: How Lion Protection Inspired Gateway Mesh
Curious about the story behind this development? Learn how a lion protection project in Botswana inspired us to create a technology that tackles remote coverage issues and beyond.

FAQs

What are the protocol features, and why is it open source?
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Why are my gateways not showing up in the "Gateway Mesh" section of ChirpStack LNS?
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What should I do if messages are not being sent in the mesh network?
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How does the Gateway Mesh protocol affect message sizes?
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Can there be two main gateways where relay gateways connect?
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